結(jié)構(gòu)式
CAS： 865-47-4
分子式： C4H9KO
分子量： 112.25
中文名稱： 叔丁醇鉀
英文名稱： Potassium tert-butanolate
Potassium tert-butylate
Potassium tert-butoxide
KtB
性質(zhì)描述： 白色或類白色固體粉末。密度0.929，熔點(diǎn)256-258℃，沸點(diǎn) 275℃，與水反應(yīng)。叔丁醇鉀溶于叔丁醇，其溶液較穩(wěn)定，它堿性強(qiáng)而親核性相對較弱，溶于THF，常用于鹵代烴的脫鹵化氫反應(yīng)。
叔丁醇鉀是有機(jī)堿性腐蝕品，強(qiáng)吸濕，應(yīng)密封保存，在貯運(yùn)中注意防火、防曬以及要存放在陰涼通風(fēng)干燥處。
制備方法: 將金屬鉀在氮?dú)猸h(huán)境下加入到新蒸的叔丁醇中，回流至鉀完全融解后保溫1h，蒸掉過量的叔丁醇，剩余白色固體在油浴180～190℃真空減壓干燥10h以上，可得到叔丁醇鉀的晶體粉末，需要氮?dú)庀卤４媸褂?不能遇空氣&水分,不然會(huì)變成粉紅色,收率以鉀來算的話在99%以上。
用途： 作為強(qiáng)堿廣泛應(yīng)用于化工，醫(yī)藥，農(nóng)藥等有機(jī)合成中的縮合，重排和開環(huán)等反應(yīng)中。
安全信息: 叔丁醇鉀溶于叔丁醇，常用于鹵代烴的脫鹵化氫反應(yīng)，其溶液較穩(wěn)定�？捎墒宥〈寂c金屬鉀反應(yīng)后，減壓蒸去叔丁醇制得。強(qiáng)堿性縮合劑，其堿性較甲醇鈉、乙醇鈉強(qiáng)。廣泛用于有機(jī)合成的縮合、重排和開環(huán)等反應(yīng)中，一般用叔丁醇溶液。是有機(jī)堿性腐蝕品，強(qiáng)吸濕，應(yīng)密封保存，在貯運(yùn)中注意防火、防曬以及要存放在陰涼通風(fēng)干燥處。
其它信息：
【Product Name】KtB ;叔丁醇鉀
【Synonyms】
2-Propanol, 2-methyl-, potassium salt
Potassium 2-methylpropan-2-olate
Potassium tert-butoxide
【CAS】865-47-4
【Formula】C4H9KO
【Molecular Weight】112.22
【EINECS】212-740-3
【Beilstein/Gmelin】3556712
【Beilstein Reference】4-01-00-01609
【EC Class】highly flammable, harmful, corrosive
Physical and Chemical Properties Back to Contents
【Appearance】White to off-white powder.
【Vapor Density】3.9
First Aid Measures Back to Contents
【Ingestion】Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
【Inhalation】Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration.
【Skin】Get medical aid immediately. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes.
【Eyes】Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT allow victim to rub or keep eyes closed. Extensive irrigation is required (at least 30 minutes).
Handling and Storage Back to Contents
【Storage】Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
【Handling】Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well ventilated area. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Do not ingest or inhale.
Hazards Identification Back to Contents
【Inhalation】Dust is irritating to the respiratory tract. May cause respiratory tract irritation. May cause burns to the respiratory tract.
【Skin】May cause skin irritation and possible burns.
【Eyes】May cause eye irritation and possible burns.
【Ingestion】May cause irritation of the digestive tract and possible burns.
【Hazards】May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors, and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.
【EC Risk Phrase】R 11 14 22 34
【EC Safety Phrase】S 7/8 26 43 45
【UN (DOT)】2925
Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Back to Contents
【Personal Protection】Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
【Respirators】Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.
【Exposure Effects】Effects may be delayed.
【Poison Class】2
Fire Fighting Measures Back to Contents
【Autoignition】360
【Fire Fighting】Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Flammable solid. Containers may explode when heated. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Extinguishing media: For large fires, use water spray or fog. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. 'The Merck Index,' Windholz, Budavari, Blumentti, and Otterbein, Twelfth Edition, Merck and Company, Inc., Rahway, NJ 1999.
【Upper exp. limit】8.0
【Lower exp. limit】2.4
【Fire Potential】Flammable/combustible material.
Accidental Release Measures Back to Contents
【Small spills/leaks】Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition. Place under an inert atmosphere. Clean up residual material by washing area with a 2-5% solution of soda ash.
Stability and Reactivity Back to Contents
【Disposal Code】3
【Incompatibilities】Acids, strong oxidizing agents, acetone, acetic acid.
【Stability】Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
【Decomposition】Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of potassium.
【Combustion Products】Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Transport Information Back to Contents
【UN Number】2925
【Hazard Class】4.1
【Packing Group】II; III
【HS Code】2905 19 00
